What is a pivot table and how to make a pivot table using excel

What is a pivot table and how to make a pivot table using excel

Excel pivot tables are very useful and powerful feature of MS Excel. They can be used to summarize, analyze, explore and present your data.

In plain English, it means, you can take the sales data with columns like salesman, region and product-wise revenues and use pivot tables to quickly find out how products are performing in each region.

In this tutorial, we will learn what is a pivot table and how to make a pivot table using excel.

Example uses of Pivot Tables

As I said before pivot tables are very powerful and useful. There are numerous uses of pivot tables that we can talk about them until Christmas.

Here are some example uses of pivot tables:

• Summarizing data like finding the average sales for each region for each product from a product sales data table.
• Listing unique values in any column of a table [learn more]
• Creating a pivot report with sub-totals and custom formats
• Making a dynamic pivot chart
• Filtering, sorting, drilling-down data in the reports without writing one formula or macro.
• Transposing data – i.e. moving rows to columns or columns to rows.
• Linking data sources outside excel and be able to make pivot reports out of such data – thru Power Query.

Excel Pivot Table Tutorial: How to create your first pivot table

Let us make your first pivot table. We will use example data in the following format. Download the excel pivot tables tutorial workbook with the data.

Step 1:  Select the data
Select the data range from which you want to make the pivot table.

Step 2:  Go to Insert ribbon and click on new Pivot table option
To insert a new pivot table in to your spreadsheet, go to Insert ribbon and click pivot table icon and select pivot table option.

Step 3:  Select the target cell where you want to place the pivot table. For starters, select New worksheet.
Excel will display a pivot table wizard where you can specify the pivot table target location etc. Select “New worksheet” option and your pivot table will be placed in newly created worksheet.

Step 4:  Make your first pivot report

The pivot report UI is very intuitive and sandbox like. To make powerful analysis, all you have to do is drag and drop fields in to the pivot table grid area. You can use Pivot Table panel (usually shown on the right side of screen) to do this.

The pivot report is divided in to header and body sections. You can drag and drop the fields you want in each area. The body itself contains three parts. Rows, Columns and Cells. You can use any fields in these areas too.

For the above sample data, I have set this criteria:

And the outcome is this pivot report.

It might be a bit difficult to understand how this works. But believe me, if you have seen any reports or worked with any other reporting systems, then the idea of pivot tables, pivot reports and pivot charts becomes quite simple to you.

You can use the excel pivot table features to make a more complicated pivot report like this in no time.

Visually filter Pivot Tables with Slicers & Timelines

You can right click on any pivot table field from the fields panel and insert that as a slicer. This is very useful  as it creates a visual filtering option. If the field you selected is a date value, then Excel offers “Timeline” option. You can use it to select window of time for report.

Here is a quick demo of slicers in action.

Related: Learn all about Excel Slicers.

Some useful tips on Excel Pivot Tables

• You can apply any formatting to the pivot tables. MS Excel has some very good pivot table formats. Just select pivot table cells, go to Pivot Table Design ribbon. See below image to understand various options available.

• You can easily change the pivot table summary formulas. Right click on pivot table and select “summarize data by” option.
• You can also apply conditional formatting on pivot tables although you may want to be a bit careful as pivot tables scale in size depending on the data.
• Whenever the original data changes, just right click on the pivot table and select “Refresh Data” option.
• If you want to drill down on a particular summary value, just double click on it. Excel will create a new sheet with the data corresponding to that pivot report value. (This is extremely useful)
• Making a pivot chart from a pivot table is very simple. Just click on the pivot chart icon from tool bar or Options ribbon area and follow the wizard.
• You can add slicers, timelines to filter data from pivot tables visually.
• You can also apply report filters and create very powerful reports.
• More Pivot Table Tips & Tricks

Download the excel pivot tables tutorial workbook and practice yourself

Click here to download the excel pivot tables tutorial workbook.

[older version Excel file here]

The workbook has sample data and one pivot table in it. You can play with it to learn more.

Checkout the video tutorial to make excel pivot tables

Click here to see a video tutorial of making pivot tables in excel | One more Pivot Table Video Tutorial

Share your experiences of using pivot tables

Tell me how you use pivot tables, your favorite tricks using comments.

Join Excel School & Learn Pivot Tables, Data Analysis & More

I run an online Excel training program called as Excel School where you can learn Pivot tables, data analysis, dashboard reporting, charting, formulas and so much more in a step-by-step fashion.

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